النجيل (Cynodon dactylon)

صورة النبات




Scientific classification

Kingdom: Plantae

(unranked): Angiosperms

(unranked): Monocots

(unranked): Commelinids

Order: Poales

Family: Poaceae

Genus: Cynodon

Species: C. dactylon

Binomial name
Cynodon dactylon



التصنيف العلمي

المملكة : Plantae

(غير مصنف) : مغلفات البذور

(غير مصنف) : Monocots

(غير مصنف) : Commelinids

الترتيب : Poales

الأسرة : Poaceae

جنس : Cynodon

الأنواع : C. dactylon

الحدين اسم
Cynodon dactylon




Scientific name
Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.

Subordinate taxa:
Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. var. afghanicus J. R. Harlan & de Wet
Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. var. aridus J. R. Harlan & de Wet
Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. var. coursii (A. Camus) J. R. Harlan & de Wet
Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. var. dactylon
Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. var. elegans Rendle
Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. var. polevansii (Stent) J. R. Harlan & de Wet

Other subordinate taxa are suggested by various authors, but are not recognised in the GRIN database. These include:
Cynodon dactylon Steud. var. affinis ( Caro & Sánchez ) C.Romero Zarco
Cynodon dactylon Steud. f. glabrescens ( Beck ) SoÓ
Cynodon dactylon Steud. f. major ( Beck ) SoÓ
Cynodon dactylon Steud. subsp. nipponicus ( Ohwi ) T.Koyama
Cynodon dactylon Steud. var. parviglumis ( Ohwi ) F.R.Fosberg & M.H.Sachet
Cynodon dactylon Steud. var. septentrionalis ( Asch. & Graebn. ) Ravarut
Cynodon dactylon Steud. f. vivipara Beetle
Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.
Cynodon dactylon subsp. hirsutissimus Litard. & Maire
Cynodon dactylon var. longiglumis Caro & E.A.Sanchez
Cynodon dactylon var. maritima ( Kunth ) Hack.
Cynodon dactylon var. maritimum Hack.
Cynodon dactylon var. pilosus Caro & E.A.Sanchez
Cynodon dactylon var. pulchellus Benth.

Synonyms
Capriola dactylon (L.) Kuntze
Cynodon coursii A. Camus
Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. var. densus Hurcombe
Cynodon glabratus Steud.
Cynodon polevansii Stent
Digitaria stolonifera Schrad.
Panicum dactylon L.

Family/tribe
Family: Poaceae (alt. Gramineae) subfamily: Chloridoideae tribe: Cynodonteae .

Common names
bermuda grass, giant bermuda grass (= var. aridus) (English - USA); couch grass, creeping panic grass, green couch (English - Australia); bahama grass, devil's grass, dogtooth grass, hariali grass, indian couch grass, kiri-hiri, quick grass, reed grass, scotch grass, scutch grass, serangoon, wire-grass (English); yablith (Israel); kweekgras (Afrikaans); chiendent dactyle, chiendent pied-de-poule, cynodon dactyle, grand chiendent (French); bermudagras, hundezahngras (German); capim-bermuda (Portuguese); came de niño, chepica brave, grama rastrera, gramÓn, grama-seda, zacate de bermuda (Spanish); hierba-fina, yerba fina (Spanish - Cuba), chepica brave, came de niño, pate de perdiz, gramilla blanca (Spanish - Peru), griming, tigriston (Suriname); aruhu, calcutta grass, dhoub grass , dhub, doob, durva, haritali, hariali (southern Asia); jukut kakawatan, gigirinling, rumput bermuda, rumput grinting, sukit grinting (Indonesia); rumput minyak (Malaysia); kawad-kawad, kapot-kapot, bakbaka (Philippines); mye-sa-myet (Myanmar); smao anchien (Cambodia); hnha:z ph'è:d (Laos); ya-phraek (Thailand); cò'chi', co'ông (Vietnam); manienie, manini (Hawai'i); kabuta (Fiji); motie molulu (Niue).



Selected references
Bogdan, A.V. (1977) Tropical Pasture and Fodder Plants (Grasses and Legumes). pp. 92-98. (Longman: London and New York).
de Wet, J.M.J. and Harlan, J.R. (1970) Biosystematics of Cynodon L.C. Rich. (Gramineae). Taxon, 19, 565-569.
Hanna, W.W. Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. In: 't Mannetje, L. and Jones, R.M. (eds) Plant Resources of South-East Asia No. 4. Forages. pp. 100-102. (Pudoc Scientific Publishers, Wageningen, the Netherlands).
Harlan, J.R. and de Wet, J.M.J. (1969) Sources of variation in Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. Crop Science (Madison), 9, 774-778.
Harlan, J.R., de Wet, J.M.J., Huffine, W.W. and Deakin J.R. (1970) A guide to the species of Cynodon (Gramineae). Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station Bulletin B-673.



Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae

Division: Magnoliophyta

Class: Liliopsida

Order: Poales

Family: Poaceae

Genus: Cynodon

Species: C. dactylon


Binomial name
Cynodon dactylon
(L.) Pers.

الإستخدامات الطبية:

Medicinal Uses

Anthelmintic; Astringent; Diuretic; Ophthalmic.

Bermudagrass is reported to be alterative, anabolic, antiseptic, aperient, astringent, cyanogenetic, demulcent, depurative, diuretic, emollient, sudorific, and vulnerary[269]. A decoction of the root is used as a diuretic in the treatment of dropsy and secondary syphilis[240]. An infusion of the root is used to stop bleeding from piles[240, 243]. The juice of the plant is astringent and is applied externally to fresh cuts and wounds[240]. When mixed with the powder of a clove (Syzygium aromaticum), it is used as an anthelmintic[272]. Internally, it is used in the treatment of chronic diarrhoea and dysentery[240, 243]. It is also useful in the treatment of catarrhal ophthalmia[240, 243]. The juice is also diuretic and is used in the treatment of dropsy and anasarca[240, 243]. The leaf juice has also been used in the treatment of hysteria, epilepsy and insanity[240, 243]. The plant is a folk remedy for anasarca, calculus, cancer, carbuncles, convulsions, cough, cramps, cystitis, diarrhoea, dropsy, dysentery, epilepsy, headache, haemorrhage, hypertension, hysteria, insanity, kidneys, laxative, measles, rubella, snakebite, sores, stones, tumours, uro-genital disorders, warts, and wounds[269].




الأغراض الطبية

ديدان ؛ ؛ مدر للبول الدواء القابض ؛ البصريات.

وتفيد التقارير أن يكون بديل Bermudagrass ، الابتنائية ، مطهر ، مسهل ، عقولة ، cyanogenetic ، ملطف ، depurative ، مدر للبول ، المطريات ، معرق ، و[vulnerary 269]. ويستخدم ديكوتيون من جذر ومدر للبول في علاج الاستسقاء والثانوية الزهري [240]. يتم استخدام حقن من جذر لوقف نزيف من أكوام [240 ، 243]. [وعصير النبات هو الدواء القابض ويطبق خارجيا لتخفيضات جديدة وجروح 240]. عندما تمزج مع مسحوق القرنفل (Syzygium aromaticum) ، يتم استخدامه ك] [272 ديدان. داخليا ، ويستخدم في علاج الاسهال المزمن والدوسنتاريا [240 ، 243]. ومن المفيد أيضا في علاج] الرمد الالتهاب 243 [240. العصير هو أيضا مدر للبول ويستعمل في علاج الاستسقاء وanasarca [240 ، 243]. كما تم عصير نبات يستخدم في علاج الهستيريا ، والصرع والجنون [240 ، 243]. المصنع هو العلاج الشعبي لanasarca ، حساب التفاضل والتكامل ، والسرطان ، الدمامل ، والتشنجات ، والسعال ، وتشنجات ، التهاب المثانة ، والإسهال ، ومرض الاستسقاء ، الزحار ، والصرع والصداع والنزيف وارتفاع ضغط الدم ، هستيريا ، الجنون والكلى وملين والحصبة والحميراء ، لدغات الأفاعي ، والقروح ، والأحجار ، والأورام ، [اضطرابات أورو ، الأعضاء التناسلية ، والثآليل ، وجروح 269].



References المراجع:

[17] Clapham, Tootin and Warburg. Flora of the British Isles. Cambridge University Press 1962
A very comprehensive flora, the standard reference book but it has no pictures.

[200] Huxley. A. The New RHS Dictionary of Gardening. 1992. MacMillan Press 1992 ISBN 0-333-47494-5
Excellent and very comprehensive, though it contains a number of silly mistakes. Readable yet also very detailed.

[240] Chopra. R. N., Nayar. S. L. and Chopra. I. C. Glossary of Indian Medicinal Plants (Including the Supplement). Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, New Delhi. 1986
Very terse details of medicinal uses of plants with a wide range of references and details of research into the plants chemistry. Not for the casual reader.

[243] Medicinal Plants of Nepal Dept. of Medicinal Plants. Nepal. 1993
Terse details of the medicinal properties of Nepalese plants, including cultivated species and a few imported herbs.

[269] Duke. J. Handbook of Energy Crops - 1983
Published only on the Internet, excellent information on a wide range of plants.

[272] Manandhar. N. P. Plants and People of Nepal Timber Press. Oregon. 2002 ISBN 0-88192-527-6
Excellent book, covering over 1,500 species of useful plants from Nepal together with information on the geography and peoples of Nepal. Good descriptions of the plants with terse notes on their uses.

[274] Diggs, Jnr. G.M.; Lipscomb. B. L. & O'Kennon. R. J Illustrated Flora of North Central Texas Botanical Research Institute, Texas. 1999 ISBN 1-889878-01-4
An excellent flora, which is also available on-line.